LyophilizedPowderLyophilizedPowder
Thisproductisfreezedried.Allwatermoleculeshavebeenremoved.
AntigenIncl.AntigenIncl.
ThisantibodyisshippedwithitsantigenFREEofcharge!
ShippedatRoomTemp.ShippedatRoomTemp.
Thislyophilizedproductisshippedatroomtemperature.Pleaseseeitscertificateofanalysisforfurtherstorageinstructions.
Type:Polyclonal
Source:Rabbit
Reactivity:h,m,r
ImmunogenPeptide(C)RDRYNHTF(S)FEKFPME,correspondingtoaminoacidresidues162-177ofratGPR4(Accession Q4KLH9).2nd extracellularloop.
Accession(Uniprot)NumberQ4KLH9
GeneID308408
PeptideconfirmationConfirmedbyaminoacidanalysisandmassspectrometry.
HomologyRat,mouse,human-15/16aminoacidresiduesidentical.
PurityAffinitypurifiedonimmobilizedantigen.
FormulationLyophilizedpowder.Reconstitutedantibodycontainsphosphatebufferedsaline(PBS),pH7.4,1%BSA,0.05%NaN3.
StoragebeforereconstitutionTheantibodyshipsasalyophilizedpowderatroomtemperature.Uponarrival,itshouldbestoredat-20°C.
Reconstitution25µl,50µlor0.2mldoubledistilledwater(DDW),dependingonthesamplesize.
Antibodyconcentrationafterreconstitution0.8mg/ml.
StorageafterreconstitutionThereconstitutedsolutioncanbestoredat4°Cforupto1week.Forlongerperiods,smallaliquotsshouldbestoredat-20°C.Avoidmultiplefreezingandthawing.Centrifugeallantibodypreparationsbeforeuse(10000xg5min).
ControlantigenstoragebeforereconstitutionLyophilizedpowdercanbestoredintactatroomtemperaturefor2weeks.Forlongerperiods,itshouldbestoredat-20°C.
Controlantigenreconstitution100µldoubledistilledwater(DDW).
Controlantigenstorageafterreconstitution-20°C.
PreadsorptionControl1µgpeptideper1µgantibody.
StandardqualitycontrolofeachlotWesternblotanalysis.
Applications:ifc,wb
Mayalsoworkin:ic,ih,ip,lci
WesternblotWesternblotanalysisofratdorsalrootganglionlysate:
1. Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody(#AGR-041),(1:200).
2.Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody,preincubatedwiththecontrolpeptideantigen.
Westernblotanalysisofrat(lanes1and3)andmouse(lanes2and4) kidneymembranes:
1,2. Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody(#AGR-041),(1:200).
3,4.Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody,preincubatedwiththecontrolpeptideantigen.
IndirectflowcytometryIndirectflowcytometryofliveintacthumanTHP-1monocyticleukemiacells:
___Cells.
___Cells+goat-anti-rabbit-FITC.
___Cells+ Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody (#AGR-041),(2.5µg)+goat-anti-rabbit-FITC.
ReferencesDamaghi,M.etal.(2013)Front.Physiol. 4,370.
Miyano,K.etal.(2014)J.Pharmacol.Sci. 126,302.
Justus,C.R.etal.(2013)Front.Physiol.4,354.
Im,D.S.(2005)ActaPharmacol.Sin.26,1435.
ScientificbackgroundG-proteincoupledreceptor4(GPR4)belongstoaproteinfamilycomprisedof3relatedG-proteincoupledreceptors(GPCRs):GPR4,OGR1/GPR68andTDAG8/GPR65. LikeallGPCRs,GPR4"sstructureiscomposedofseven-transmembrane-spanningdomainslinkedbyanN-terminalextracellulardomainandaC-terminalintracellulardomain2.
GPR4respondstopHchangesandisactivatedbyaphysiologicalincreaseinextracellularH+ throughseveralsignalingpathwaysincluding-theG12/13-protein/Rho,theGq/PLC,andtheGs-protein/cAMPpathway1,2.ItisfullyactivatedatpHlevelsof6.8andlowerandisinactiveatpHlevelsof7.5andhigher3,4.
RecentstudiesshowthatthepH-sensingGPCRsalsohavetheABIlitytoregulatecancercellmetastasisandproliferation,immunecellfunction,inflammation,bloodvesselformation,endothelialbarrierfunctionthusmakingthemanimportanttherapeutictargetfordifferentdiseases. OverexpressionofGPR4inhumancancercellsshowsinvolvementindrivingormaintainingtumorformation.
GPR4isexpressedinseveraltissuesincludinglung,vascularendothelial cells,kidney,heart,liver,skeletalmuscle,ovary,andplacenta.
LyophilizedPowderControlAntigenIncluded
Clickheretoreceivea25µlfreetrialsample!
Lastupdate:14/03/2019
Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody(#AGR-041)isahighlyspecificantibodydirectedagainstanepitopeoftheratprotein.Theantibodycanbeusedinwesternblotandindirectlivecellflowcytometryapplications.Theantibodyrecognizesanextracellularepitopeandisthusidealfordetectingthereceptorinlivingcells.IthasbeendesignedtorecognizeGPR4frommouse,rat,andhumansamples.
Forresearchpurposesonly,notforhumanuse
WesternblotWesternblotanalysisofratdorsalrootganglionlysate:
1. Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody(#AGR-041),(1:200).
2.Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody,preincubatedwiththecontrolpeptideantigen.
Westernblotanalysisofrat(lanes1and3)andmouse(lanes2and4) kidneymembranes:
1,2. Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody(#AGR-041),(1:200).
3,4.Anti-GPR4(extracellular)Antibody,preincubatedwiththecontrolpeptideantigen.